best computer operating systems 2020.

Computers are a revolutionary invention that changed the course of human civilization. It has evolved from massive desktop boxes to revolutionary laptops and smartphones. Even we cannot keep up with the rapid technological development.

The truth that many rarely talk about is what makes these devices work the way they do. We are of course talking about the OS known as "OS". Without the operating system, computers or a smartphone cannot function simply.

♦ ◄ So what is the operating system - OS?

Operating system, which is denoted by the acronym "OS", is a set of related programs. And it is considered the mediator between the user and the physical accessories of the device (computer or smartphone), and it is the basic system that other programs can work on on smart devices.

◄ ◄ History of the evolution of operating systems:

Operating systems were first developed in the early 1950s to manage tape storage. At that time, GM's research laboratory developed the first operating system in the early 1950s for the IBM 701.; In the mid-1960s, operating systems began to evolve for use in reading and disk storage.

In the late sixties, the first version of the Unix operating system was developed which is still running today. The first operating system created by Microsoft was DOS. It was built in 1981 by purchasing the 86-DOS software from Seattle

The famous Windows operating system appears after four years, specifically in 1985, when the graphical user interface was created and paired with MS-DOS.

♦ ◄ Types of operating systems:

01. Central Operating Systems:

Computer operating systems that are usually the size of elephants in large corporate data centers. The central computer system has huge specifications and is generally used for tons of simultaneous I / O operations. It requires an operating system different from what we use every day for this.

In general, the centralization system offers three types of services: batch, transaction processing, and shared time.

Batch system: This is the type of system that handles routine tasks that require no user. For example, reporting sales at a supermarket such as Walmart or Jumia stores.

Transaction processing: This deals with a large number of small orders together - for example, airline reservations.

Time Sharing: This allows multiple users to work remotely on the computer at the same time. For example, queries run on a comprehensive database.

02. Server Operating Systems:

Server operating systems are still sophisticated, but less common than central computer systems. This type of operating system works to run servers that can serve multiple users across a network and allow the user to share programs and even hardware resources with users of the same server or server.

A typical example of a server system can be seen in the school's computer lab, where all computer systems are connected to a shared server, and all computers are connected via LAN settings.

03. PC Operating Systems:

This type of operating system requires no prior explanation as this is the most common type ever. Users think this is the only kind of operating system out there in the world.

Laptops and desktop computers are personal computers that run this type of operating system.

The most common operating systems for personal computers are Windows - Windows and Mac - macOS and Linux.

04. Portable computer operating systems:

Before the phones became smarter, there was a mobile system commonly referred to as the PDA. This was before Microsoft improved the Windows system for laptops.

Mobile systems include smartphones and PDAs, although they are now outdated. However, the most common traditional laptop operating systems are Android - Android, iOS, and Windows - Windows.

05. Integrated Operating Systems:

This type of operating system does not conflict with the computer. Examples of these are embedded systems in microwave ovens, tape recorders, radios, televisions, cars, and anything else you can think of, other than a computer.

06. Real-time operating systems:

These systems are characterized by the presence of time as a major milestone. These systems often meet difficult deadlines. For example, in the production of assembly lines, it is assumed that the welding machine will be welded after certain time intervals. Too early or too late, and there will only be time for the item being produced. This is called hard system in real time.

07. Smart Card Operating Systems:

Smart cards are credit card sized devices equipped with an electronic chip. This chip must be inserted into the device to enable it. Some cards contain money that can be used for later transactions, such as pre-loaded debit cards. Some cards become more secure with the chip, such as the smart card you insert into digital receivers. This becomes easy to define for each user with a different smart card to give separate users separate privileges.

Another common example of smart cards is your SIM-SIM card.


Operating systems are generally divided into two main categories: the server operating system and the daily operating system. And they are the most common and used by people.

♦ ◄ What is the difference between a server operating system and a daily operating system?

01. Daily Operating System: It is the operating system for smart devices available to the ordinary user who is able to run programs such as Microsoft Word, PowerPoint, Excel and other desktop programs, including playing various video games. It is cheaper than the server OS.

02. Server Operating System: These systems operate on basic big data processing and storage devices that provide users unlimited connectivity and imaginary memory capacity. They are intended for large companies that have huge databases. In terms of price, server operating systems are very expensive.

♦ ◄ Which operating system is best for personal use?

When it comes to personal or private use, the traditional Windows and Mac are by far the best option. Linux is the lightest and fastest operating system among all operating systems. It does not need a powerful processor other than Windows or Mac to work at the optimum level.

The following are the best personal computer operating systems:

01. Windows system. The system is well known and is the most common operating system in the world. It occupies 86% of the computer operating market.

02. Mac System. It is the operating system of Apple computers.

03. Linux System. The system is completely free and works literally on any smart device. You can also customize and develop it as it is open source. Recently, South Korea decided to move completely to Linux and will not pay $ 2.5 billion to Microsoft, despite its many advantages. Linux is considered one of the safest operating systems ever.

04. Chrome OS. Google's operating system is available on a number of low-cost laptops and some advanced laptops, such as Chrome Books.

05. BSD System. With its Linux-related roots, it is the modern version of Berkeley Software Distribution.

06. React OS. This OS was initially launched as a Windows 95 version, since then it has come a long way.

♦ ◄ Safer operating systems for personal use of computers:

Although Windows and Mac are the best operating systems in terms of performance, but they suffer a lot in terms of encryption and data protection, and Windows 10 sends all of your local data to Microsoft's servers for analysis. Here is a list of the best, most secure and encrypted operating systems for personal use of computers:

01. Open BSD

02. Black Arch Linux

03. Alpine Linux

04. Immunix- GNU / Linux

05.Ka OS

♦ ◄ Best operating systems for smartphones:

01. Android OS is supervised by Google. On September 20, 2008 the first Android OS called "Astro" was launched. Immediately after entering the smart phone and tablet market, the Android system has gained tremendous popularity due to its beautiful appearance and efficient work.

02. Bada Developed by Samsung. It is designed for mid-range and high-end smartphones. Bada is a quiet operating system that is easy to use and highly effective, very similar to the Android system, but unfortunately Samsung did not use the Bada system widely for unknown reasons. There are only three phones running Bada. These phones are Samsung Wave, Wave 2 and Wave 3.

03. BlackBerry OS This system is a property of "RIM - Research In Motion" and it was first released in 1999. RIM has developed this operating system for the Blackberry line for smartphones. The BlackBerry system is very different from other operating systems. The system is very reliable and it is protected against almost all viruses. Some smartphones running on the Blackberry OS are Blackberry Bold, Blackberry Curve, Blackberry Torch and Blackberry 8520.

04. iPhone OS / iOS is owned and developed exclusively by Apple phones, known as iPhones, iPads and iPods. On June 29, 2007 the first iPhone was developed with iOS. Since then iOS has been undergoing upgrades and many of the most recent ones are iOS 14.

05. Maemo OS Nokia and Maemo Community teamed up to produce an operating system for smartphones and tablets online, known as Maemo. Like other devices, the Maemo user interface also consists of a menu where the user can move anywhere. In 2010 during the MWC (World Conference on Smartphones) it was revealed that the Maemo project will now be combined with Mobilin to create a new operating system known as MeeGo.

06. Palm OS The Palm OS was developed by Palam in 1996 specifically for PDA devices. Palm OS is designed to operate on the touch graphical user interface. Today it has been 13 and a half years since we saw the latest update of the Palm OS in 2007. The Palm OS has been used by many companies at the time including Lenovo, Legend Group, Janam, Kyocera and IBM.

07. WebOS also known as Hp WebOS or WebOS only was developed by Palm Inc but a few years later it was acquired by Hewlett-Packard Company. WebOS was launched in 2009 and has been used on a number of smartphones and tablets.

08. Windows Mobile - Windows Phone You will all be familiar with the Windows operating system because it is used on computers all over the world. Windows has also been used in cell phones, but regular cell phone users have difficulty running it but at the same time it is very popular among people who are used to it.

09. Firefox OS is an open source operating system that is currently discontinued from any update designed by Mozilla and external contributors and is intended for smartphones, tablets, and smart TVs. It was developed on the Firefox and Gecko web browser rendering engine, and on the kernel of the Linux ignition system. It was first released commercially in 2013.

10. Harmony OS, which is one of the latest operating systems. It is a free, distributed micro OS based on the micro kernel developed by Huawei. The platform was unveiled on August 9, 2019 and is designed primarily for the Internet of Things.

♦ ◄ Safer operating systems for smartphones:

01. Graphene OS is one of the best and most secure operating systems for mobile phones that has been identified based on a secure and focused Android system that is free and open source. It was known as Android Hardening until March 2019, and the system focuses on privacy and security. It is compatible with many Google Pixel smartphones.

02. Copperhead OS is an open source operating system for smartphones and tablets, based on Android mobile. And it adds privacy and security features to the official versions of the Android Open Source Project by Google, aiming to reintegrate these features into the Android, Linux and OpenBSD system.

03. Secure OS or Kaspersky OS, developed by the strongest digital protection companies, is already a secure platform. KOS is originally based on a secure micro kernel architecture. It works in a space and address that is protected from tracing by the concept of default rejection, allowing customers to define their business logic in the smallest detail. The system is compact and transparent and does not contain any duplication of code.

04. B2G OS - Boot 2 Gecko is a mobile operating system developed by the free community and is the successor to Firefox OS (developed by the Mozilla Foundation). It follows the goal of Firefox OS to provide an alternative community-based integrated operating system that runs programs like web applications.

05. Privat OS was an operating system used on Black phone devices from June 1, 2014, until June 30, 2016. It was intended for users who sought to improve privacy and security. The system provides encryption feature for phone calls, emails, texts and internet surfing.

♦ ◄ Best operating systems for servers:

01. Ubuntu Server

02. Microsoft Windows Server

03. Debian

04. Fedora

05. Cent OS Server

06. Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server

07. Unix Server

♦ ◄ Best operating systems for ethical penetration test:

01. Kali Linux

02. Back Box

03. Weaker than.

04. Black Arch Linux.

05. Matriux Linux.

06. Dracos Linux

07. Fedora Security Lab.

08. Caine.

09. Arch Strike.

10. URIX OS.

◄ ◄ The latest operating systems for the year 2020:

01. Harmony OS

02. Google Fuchsia OS

03. catalina OS

04. facebook os

♦ ◄ Can I upgrade my OS?

The answer is simply yes. You can develop and customize your own operating system. All you need is the raw infrastructure for development and a good knowledge of the mechanism of systems and programming skills in particular.

♦ Developing my own system for smartphones

The Android system is an open source system and is not exclusively owned by Google, as some believe. Google is one of the partners of the Open Alliance for mobile phones, and any person or company can customize, modify and develop the raw system for Android. And this is what Samsung does in every update of its Android devices. This is known as ROM or Android ROM.

♦ Developing my own computer system

Linux is the best software base for all developers who want to customize their computer systems. And this explains why there are many copies of the different Linux system "from the operating systems of ordinary computers to the most complex coding systems and user data protection - and - systems dedicated to playing video games - and - penetration testing systems ..... etc many of them" it is open Source There are many online resources that you can use to develop your own system.

Conclusion:

The operating system is the fuel required to operate your computer or smartphone and is considered the basic building block on which other programs and applications run. There are many bases for choosing the best operating system that suits your needs and comfort.

If you are looking for personal use like video games and surfing the internet, Windows is the perfect choice for you. And if you have an Apple device, you have no other choice but to use the Mac system. And if you suffer from a lack of hardware, we recommend that you use the Linux system.

As for smartphones, the choice here is settled. Android system is the best undisputed. Unless you are an Apple phone user, the IOS system is the settled choice, and there is no room for selection.

For companies, there is an operating system option between Linux - UNIX. It is never recommended to choose a Microsoft Windows system that is dedicated to operating servers.

Everything you choose from the above list will help you to clarify any reasons that have been taken and accordingly make the correct decision.

The best operating system should be able to:

- Run your primary computing applications.
- Device and device software management.
- Communication with the CPU to allocate memory and storage.

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